n
Wet clay altered zones: 12 – 30+
n
Sandstone: 5 – 7
n
Coal: 2 – 5
n
Shale: 4 – 9
n
Brine: 81
The results of the surveys are shown
in Figures 2 – 4.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this paper has reported
the subsurface earth penetration
capabilities of a deep-penetrating field
spectrometer, known as ADR.
Furthermore, the article has
demonstrated the ability of ADR to
recognise certain lithologic types
(mainly coals) in real-world
conditions.
The ADR scanner works by sending
a narrow beam of energy into the
ground using microwaves and radio
waves. As it travels downward, the
energy character of the beam is altered
by the various rock layers it
encounters. The beam is
continually reflected back by these
same rock layers and is recorded at
the surface.
The recorded data quantify how
rocks and minerals, including
hydrocarbons, interact with the beam
as it passes through them and
pinpoints their composition. The
technology measures the dielectric
permittivity of the subsurface, as well
as characterising the nature of the rock
types based on analysis of both the
spectroscopic and resonant energy
responses.
A key driver in pursuing
development of ADR technology is to
reduce the number of drill holes
required to delineate a subsurface
mineral or hydrocarbon reserve. To do
this, laboratory analyses of rock
specimens and data from training
holes are used to guide the
interpretation and analyses of the
ADR results. As more samples are
entered into Adrok’s proprietary
library, the confidence in the results
will increase.
Another benefit of this approach is
that ADR requires no land-use
permitting, as use of the technology
offers a non-destructive,
environmentally friendly way of
remotely deducing subsurface
geology.
Since 2007, this ADR methodology
has been successfully deployed as a
geophysical service by Adrok in the
exploration and appraisal of
subsurface geological structures and
targets.
Further research and testing of the
ADR system is being conducted to test
the depth limits to which the ADR
can penetrate, as well as the
tool’s reliability and repeatability
of material classification
(spectroscopic capabilities).
References
1. STOVE, G.C., “Ground Penetrating
Abilities of a New Coherent Radio Wave
and Microwave Imaging Spectrometer”,
International Journal of Remote Sensing
,
Vol.34, Issue 1 (2013).
2. STOVE, G.C., Radar apparatus for
imaging and/or spectrometric analysis
and methods of performing imaging
and/or spectrometric analysis of a
substance for dimensional measurement,
identification and precision radar
mapping. US Patent No: 6864826.
3. FEYNMAN, R.P.,
QED: The Strange
Theory of Light and Matter
(Princeton
University Press, New York; 1985).
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